What is the term for a lengthwise cut between or through the natural growth rings of wood?

The term "shake" refers specifically to a lengthwise cut that occurs between or through the natural growth rings of wood. Shakes are generally caused by the tree's inherent stresses as it grows, and they can manifest as separations that appear as fissures along the grain. These could be a result of environmental factors or the characteristics of the wood itself, which can lead to concerns about the structural integrity of the wood, especially in construction. Understanding this terminology is crucial for professionals in the construction industry, as it directly impacts the evaluation of materials used in building and ensures that they are suitable for their intended purposes.

In contrast, terms like "split," "check," and "crack" describe different types of wood defects that can occur due to various inefficiencies or stresses. Splits typically go across the grain and can be associated with improper drying. Checks are small splits that often appear as the result of drying shrinkage and are usually found on the surface of the wood. Cracks generally refer to an irregular break in the wood and can occur for various reasons. Knowledge of these distinctions helps contractors and builders to assess the quality of wood accurately.